How the Cell Cycle is Controlled?
Cell cycle is run by a group of special proteins, called Cyclins and Cdks (cyclin dependent kinases). A cell reproduces by performing an orderly set sequences of irreversible events in which it duplicates its contents and then divide into two. These events are collectively called as cell cycle.
Molecular biologists have made a remarkable progress in identifying the biomolecules that control the cell cycle. Scientists working on frog eggs and yeast cell concluded that the activity of enzymes such as cyclin dependent kinases (Cdk‘s) regulate the cell cycle.
Kinase is a type of enzyme that is responsible for removing a phosphate group from ATP and add to another protein. The kinases involved in the cell cycle are called Cdks because they are activated when they combine with the key protein, cyclin.
At some check-point in the cell cycle (G1 Ã S and G2 Ã M), a kinase enzyme combines with cyclin and this moves the cell cycle forward. G1 or S-kinase is capable of initiating the replication of DNA once it combines with S-cyclin. After some time, S-cyclin is destroyed and S-kinase is no longer active. M-kinase, on the other hand, is capable of turning on mitosis once it combines with M-cyclin.
G1 to S transition is carried out by G1 or S cyclin + cdc 2 kinase
G2 to M transition is triggered by maturation promoting factor (MPF) formed by mitotic cyclin + cdc 2 kinase
Molecular biologists have made a remarkable progress in identifying the biomolecules that control the cell cycle. Scientists working on frog eggs and yeast cell concluded that the activity of enzymes such as cyclin dependent kinases (Cdk‘s) regulate the cell cycle.
Kinase is a type of enzyme that is responsible for removing a phosphate group from ATP and add to another protein. The kinases involved in the cell cycle are called Cdks because they are activated when they combine with the key protein, cyclin.
At some check-point in the cell cycle (G1 Ã S and G2 Ã M), a kinase enzyme combines with cyclin and this moves the cell cycle forward. G1 or S-kinase is capable of initiating the replication of DNA once it combines with S-cyclin. After some time, S-cyclin is destroyed and S-kinase is no longer active. M-kinase, on the other hand, is capable of turning on mitosis once it combines with M-cyclin.
G1 to S transition is carried out by G1 or S cyclin + cdc 2 kinase
G2 to M transition is triggered by maturation promoting factor (MPF) formed by mitotic cyclin + cdc 2 kinase
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